Question

Q. Which of the following rights comes under the purview of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution?

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

• A. 1, 2 and 3 only
• B. 3 and 4 only
• C. 1, 3 and 4 only
• D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 1

The correct option is D 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation:

• Right to Livelihood - Various judgments of the Supreme Court have expanded the scope of right to life and personal liberty. The Supreme Court has ruled that this right also includes right to live with human dignity, free from exploitation. It held that right to shelter and livelihood is also included in the right to life because no person can live without the means of living, that is, the means of livelihood.
• Right to Clean Environment - The apex Court held that the right to life under Article 21 includes the rights to free water and free air from pollution for the full enjoyment of life in the case of Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar.
• Right to Privacy & Internet - The Kerala high court’s judgement in Faheema Shirin v. State of Kerala, held the right to internet access was recognised as a fundamental right forming a part of the right to privacy and the right to education under Article 21 of the constitution. The right to freedom of speech and expression and right to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business over the medium of internet under Articles 19(1)(a) and 19(1)(g) has been held to be constitutionally protected by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India.