Question

Q. With reference to the British conquest of India, consider the following pairs:

	War	Ended with the treaty
1.	First Anglo - Mysore war	Treaty of Madras
2.	Second Anglo -Maratha war	Treaty of Seringapatam
3.	Third Anglo - Mysore war	Treaty of Deogaon

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

• A.
  1 only
• B.
  1 and 2 only
• C.
  3 only
• D.
  1 and 3 only

Answer 1

The correct option is A

1 only
Explanation:

Pair 1 is correctly matched: Alarmed by Hyder Ali’s annexation of many regions in the South and involvement of the French in training his army, along with the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad declared war on Mysore. This war is known as the First Anglo - Mysore war. But Hyder Ali was able to bring the Marathas and the Nizam to his side with skilful diplomacy. Following complete chaos and panic at Madras, the English were forced to conclude a very humiliating treaty with Haidar on April 4, 1769—Treaty of Madras which brought an end to the war.

Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: The Treaty of Seringapatam (also called Srirangapatinam or Srirangapatna), signed 18 March 1792, is known for putting an end to the Third Anglo-Mysore War. The second Anglo-Maratha war resulted in-

• The Scindias signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon in 1803 through which the British got the territories of Rohtak, Ganga-Yamuna Doab, Gurgaon, Delhi Agra region, Broach, some districts in Gujarat, parts of Bundelkhand and Ahmednagar fort.
• The Bhonsle’s signed the Treaty of Deogaon in 1803 as per which the English acquired Cuttack, Balasore and the area west of Wardha River.
• The Holkars signed the Treaty of Rajghat in 1805 according to which they gave up Tonk, Bundi and Rampura to the British.

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Tipu Sultan, who assumed control of Mysore after Hyder Ali’s death, had French help in bettering his military resources. He also refused to free the English prisoners taken during the second Anglo-Mysore war as per the Treaty of Mangalore. Tipu declared war on Travancore in 1789 which was a friendly state of the British. In 1790, the Governor-General of Bengal, Lord Cornwallis declared war on Tipu. Tipu was defeated in the first phase of the war and his forces had to retreat. Later the English advanced towards Tipu’s capital of Seringapatam and Tipu had to bargain for peace. The war ended with the Treaty of Seringapatam in 1792.