Question

Q. With reference to the Moderate Phase of Congress, which of the following statements is/are correct?

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

• A. 1 only
• B. 2 only
• C. Both 1 and 2
• D. Neither 1 and 2

Answer 1

The correct option is B 2 only

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: It has often been said that Congress in the first twenty years was “moderate” in its objectives and methods. During this period it demanded a greater voice for Indians in the government and administration. It wanted the Legislative Councils to be made more representative, given more power and introduced in provinces where none existed. It demanded that Indians be placed in high positions in the government. For this purpose, it called for civil service examinations to be held in India as well, not just in London.

Statements 2 is correct: The demand for Indianisation of the administration was part of a movement against racism since most important jobs at the time were monopolized by white officials, and the British generally assumed that Indians could not be given positions of responsibility. Since British officers were sending a major part of their large salaries home, Indianisation, it was hoped, would also reduce the drain of wealth to England. Other demands included the separation of the judiciary from the executive, the repeal of the Arms Act and the freedom of speech and expression.