19
Question
Q16) Where was the concept of written constitution first born?
i) Complete independence
ii) A Constitution to be drafted after the second world war mainly by the Indians
iii) Governor General to be only a Constitutional head with no real powers
iv) Provinces had the choice of framing a separate Constitution after the end of the second world war
Q16) Where was the concept of written constitution first born?
i) Complete independence
ii) A Constitution to be drafted after the second world war mainly by the Indians
iii) Governor General to be only a Constitutional head with no real powers
iv) Provinces had the choice of framing a separate Constitution after the end of the second world war
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Solution
The correct option is A a) only iv
Ans.(a)
Britain had suffered reverses in the 2nd world war. Japan was also closing in on India after invading Burma and Singapore. There was pressure on Britain from the Allies to seek the support of India for the war. Indian nationalists had agreed to support the Allied cause if substantial power was transferred immediately and complete independence given after the war. Hence, Cripps Mission was sent to India in March 1942 to secure full Indian cooperation and support for their war efforts. Nehru, Patel and Azad were the official negotiators for the Congress. The Cripps mission proposed Dominion status (The dominion would be free to decide its relations with the Commonwealth and free to participate in the United Nations and other International bodies) Constituent Assembly at the end of the war to draft a new constitution (Constituent Assembly to consist of elected members from British India and nominated members from Princely States)(making of the constitution to be solely in Indian hands now and not “mainly” in Indian hands as contained in the August Offer) Transfer of powers to the Governor General’s executive council as a cabinet with the Governor General as the constitutional head Defence of India to be in British hands for the interim period Any province not willing to join the union could have a separate constitution and form a separate union (blue-print for partition) etc. Congress rejected these proposals as it had demanded complete independence Demanded full control over defence Rejected the proposal of Governor General having his supremacy intact. Congress had demanded that Governor General be only the Constitutional head Rejected the proposal of nomination of members from Princely States into the Constituent Assembly Rejected the right of provinces to secede as it went against the principle of national unity Muslim League criticised the idea of a single Indian union. It did not like the machinery for the creation of a Constituent Assembly and the procedure to decide on the accession of Provinces to the Union. It thought that the proposals denied to the Muslims the right to self-determination and the creation of Pakistan Cripps had also been advised not go beyond the draft declaration. The British PM, Viceroy and the Commander-in-chief consistently torpedoed Cripps’ efforts. Gandhi described it as a “post-dated cheque drawn on a crashing bank”. Hence, the talks failed. It was also considered as a time buying tactics. Congress moved towards the Quit India Movement (QIM) and the British imprisoned the entire Congress leadership for the duration of the war
Ans.(a)
Britain had suffered reverses in the 2nd world war. Japan was also closing in on India after invading Burma and Singapore. There was pressure on Britain from the Allies to seek the support of India for the war. Indian nationalists had agreed to support the Allied cause if substantial power was transferred immediately and complete independence given after the war. Hence, Cripps Mission was sent to India in March 1942 to secure full Indian cooperation and support for their war efforts. Nehru, Patel and Azad were the official negotiators for the Congress. The Cripps mission proposed Dominion status (The dominion would be free to decide its relations with the Commonwealth and free to participate in the United Nations and other International bodies) Constituent Assembly at the end of the war to draft a new constitution (Constituent Assembly to consist of elected members from British India and nominated members from Princely States)(making of the constitution to be solely in Indian hands now and not “mainly” in Indian hands as contained in the August Offer) Transfer of powers to the Governor General’s executive council as a cabinet with the Governor General as the constitutional head Defence of India to be in British hands for the interim period Any province not willing to join the union could have a separate constitution and form a separate union (blue-print for partition) etc. Congress rejected these proposals as it had demanded complete independence Demanded full control over defence Rejected the proposal of Governor General having his supremacy intact. Congress had demanded that Governor General be only the Constitutional head Rejected the proposal of nomination of members from Princely States into the Constituent Assembly Rejected the right of provinces to secede as it went against the principle of national unity Muslim League criticised the idea of a single Indian union. It did not like the machinery for the creation of a Constituent Assembly and the procedure to decide on the accession of Provinces to the Union. It thought that the proposals denied to the Muslims the right to self-determination and the creation of Pakistan Cripps had also been advised not go beyond the draft declaration. The British PM, Viceroy and the Commander-in-chief consistently torpedoed Cripps’ efforts. Gandhi described it as a “post-dated cheque drawn on a crashing bank”. Hence, the talks failed. It was also considered as a time buying tactics. Congress moved towards the Quit India Movement (QIM) and the British imprisoned the entire Congress leadership for the duration of the war
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