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Q43. By selling sugar at Rs. 17 per kilogram, a tradesman calculates that he will make a profit of 15%. But through faulty scales he sells 1 kilogram what is the really 0.8 kilogram. What profit or loss percent does he actually get?

Q43. चीनी को 17 रु प्रति किलोग्राम, के दाम से बेचने पर एक व्यापारी यह गणना करता है कि वह 15% का लाभ कमाएगा। लेकिन दोषपूर्ण तराजू के माध्यम से वह 1 किलोग्राम बेचता है, जो वास्तव में 0.8 किलोग्राम है। उसे वास्तव में कितना लाभ या हानि प्रतिशत प्राप्त होता है?


A

(a) 35% gain

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B

(b) 43.75% gain

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C

(c) 48.25% gain

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D

(d) 40% gain

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Solution

The correct option is B

(b) 43.75% gain


For short cut the first important point to note in this problem is that selling price of Rs. 17 has no relevance to the answer we are seeking. Why, because we are seeking answer in percentage terms and the traders profit percent (without cheating) and percent cheating by short weight are both percentage based data.

Next, to reduce calculation load let us assume the trader purchased 8 kilograms sugar @ Rs. 10 per kilogram. The choice of the quantity, i.e. 8 kilograms is influenced by the fact that this trader sells 0.8 kilogram material as one full kilogram by cheating on weight. This would simplify calculation and thus save time.

So, his cost is Rs. 80.

Now, he sells this sugar Rs. 1.15/kilogram.

By cheating on weight he sells 8 kilograms sugar as weighing 10 kilograms.

Total revenue from sales =115.

% profit = 1158080×100=43.75%

हम मान लें कि व्यापारी ने 8 किलोग्राम चीनी 10 रु प्रति किलोग्राम में खरीदा । मात्रा की पसंद, यानी 8 किलोग्राम इस तथ्य से प्रभावित है कि यह व्यापारी धोखा देकर 0.8 किलोग्राम सामग्री को 1 किलोग्राम के रूप में बेचता है।

इस प्रकार, उसकी लागत 80 रुपये है।

अब, वह इस चीनी को 1.15 रूपये/किलोग्राम बेचता है।

धोखा देकर वह 10 किलोग्राम वजन के रूप में 8 किलोग्राम चीनी बेचता है।

बिक्री (कुल राजस्व) = 115 रुपये

% लाभ = 1158080×100=43.75%


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