Question

Q88) Recently there was a debate to replace Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) by Injectable Polio Vaccine (IPV). Which of the following statements are true with respect to IPV?

1. IPV is made up of attenuated or weakened poliovirus while OPV is made up of inactivated polio virus

2. IPV is more expensive than OPV

3. In areas of low hygiene Vaccine Derived Polio Virus (VDPV) may be contracted due to OPV

• A. a) Only 1
• B. b) Only 1 and 2
• C. c) Only 2 and 3
• D. d) All of the above

Answer 1

The correct option is C

c) Only 2 and 3

Answer 88: C

Explanation: OPV is made up of attenuated or weakened poliovirus and there is a risk of vaccine derived polio while IPV is made up
of inactivated (killed) polio virus. IPV is over five times more expensive than oral polio vaccine. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) contains an
attenuated vaccine-virus. This weak form of the virus is used to activate an immune response in the body, which protects the child
when challenged by WPV. But when the child is immunised with OPV, the virus replicates in the intestine and during this time, the
virus is excreted. In areas of inadequate sanitation, the excreted vaccine-virus can quickly spread in the community and infect children
with low immunity. This excreted vaccine undergoes genetic changes as it circulates in the community and causes VDPV.