Question

Q96. Consider the following about Bhakti movement:
1. The movement emerged in response to the challenges posed by Hinduism
2. It developed under two different schools of thought- Nirgunabhakti and Sagunabhakti.
3. Kabir, Gurunanak and Ramanuja belong to the Nirgunabhakti.

• A. (a) Only 1 and 3
• B. (b) Only 2 and 3
• C. (c) Only 1 and 2
• D. (d) All of the above

Answer 1

The correct option is C (c) Only 1 and 2

The bhakti movement has said to be originated in the south in the teachings of Tamil mystic saints of 7th-9th centuries. Later on it was systematized by Ramanuja in 12th century and propagated throughout India. At that time Islam provided a major challenge to Hinduism. Continual defeats on the field of battle loss of political power and domination of alien religion in the country accentuated frustration. It developed under two different schools of thought- Nirgunabhakti and Sagunabhakti. Nirgunabhakti which believed in formless worship and Sagunabhakti which believed in the worship of form. Nirgunabhakti saints were- Kabir, Guru Nanak, Malak das, Dadu dayal, Ghora etc. Sagunabhakti saints were- Ramanuja, Madhav, Vallabha, Meera bai, Chaitanya, Tulsidas, Surdas etc