Question 33
A compound $X$ is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ and an alcohol in presence of a few drops of $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ . The alcohol on oxidation with alkaline ${KMnO}_{4}$ followed by acidification gives the same carboxylic acid as used in this reaction. Give the names and structures of (a) carboxylic acid, (b) alcohol and (c) the compound $X$ . Also write the reaction.

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Solution

The organic compound having molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ is acetic acid whose structural formula is ${CH}_{3} COOH$ .
Acetic acid reacts with ethanol (alcohol) in the presence of few drops of sulphuric acid to form an ester, ethyl ethanoate and water.
Thus, $X$ is ethyl ethanoate.
The structural formula ethanol is $C_{2} H_{5} OH$ .
Ethanol on oxidation with alkaline ${KMnO}_{4}$ gives ethanoic acid.
The reactions involved are as follows:
$C_{2} H_{5} O H + C H_{3} C O O H H_{2} {SO}_{4} + Heat - ------- \to C H_{3} C O O C_{2} H_{5} + H_{2} O C_{2} H_{5} O H {Alkaline KMnO}_{4} + Heat - ------------- \to C H_{3} C O O H$

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