QUESTION
The main scale of vernier calipers reads 10 mm in 10 divisions. 10 divisions of Vernier scale coincide with 9 divisions of the main scale. When the two jaws of the callipers touch each other, the fifth division of the vernier coincides with 9 main scale divisions and the zero of the vernier is to the right of zero of main scale. When a cylinder is tightly placed between the jaws, the zero of vernier scale lies slightly to the left of 3,2 cm. and the fourth vernier division coincides with a main scale division the diameter of the cylinder is

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Solution

Dear student
$1) l e a s t c o u n t 1 M S D = 1 m m 10 V S D = 9 M S D 1 V S D = \frac{9}{10} M S D L C = 1 M S D - 1 V S D L C = 1 m m - \frac{9}{10} V S D = 0.1 m m 2) Z e r o e r r o r = n \times L C = - 0.1 \times 5 = 0.5 m m 3) A c t u a l r e a d i n g = (3.1 c m + 4 \times L C) + z e r o e r r o r A c t u a l r e a d i n g = (3.1 c m + 4 \times 0.1) - 0.5 A c t u a l r e a d i n g = (31 m m + 4 \times 0.1) - 0.5 = 31.4 - 0.5 = 30.9 m m R e g a r d s$

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