Q. "Secularism is not an ideology of some political parties or persons, but it is one of the foundations of our country." Examine the statement.

Q. Why did big European powers met in Berlin in $1885$?

Q. Compare 'intensive subsistence farming' with that of 'commercial farming' practiced in India.

Q. How did the Non-Cooperation movement started with participation of middle class people in the cities? Explain its impact on the economic front.

Q. Why did the Roman Catholic Church imposed control over publishers and booksellers?

Q. "The 'Print Revolution' had transformed the lives of people, changing their relationship to information and knowledge." Analyze the statement.

Q. Describe any three provisions of amendment made in 'Indian Constitution' in $1992$ for making government more effective and powerful.

Q. Describe any three steps taken to clean up London during nineteenth century.

Q. Describe the role of different religious groups in the development of anti-colonial feelings in Vietnam.

Q. How is the issue of sustainability important for development? Explain with examples.

Q. Why did Charles Booth, a Liverpool ship owner conduct the first social survey of low skilled workers in the East End of London in $1887$?

Q. Describe any three major problems faced by the Indian cotton weavers in the nineteenth century.

Q. 'A challenge is not just any problem but an opportunity for progress.' Analyse the statement.

Q. Distinguish the service conditions of organized sector with that of unorganized sector.

Q. How has the ever increasing number of industries in India made worse position by exerting pressure on exiting fresh water resources? Explain.

Q. How can consumer awareness be spread among consumers to avoid exploitation in the market place? Explain any three ways.

Q. Why was Congress reluctant to allow women to hold any position of authority within the organisation? How did women participate in Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain.

Q. Why is cheap and affordable credit important for the country's development? Explain any three reasons.

Q. Explain the three factors that are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions.

Q. Describe the explosive conditions that prevailed in Balkans after $1871$.

Q. Why do novels use vernacular language ?

Q. Describe the impact of 'Rinderpest' on people's livelihoods and local economy in Africa in the $1890$s.

Q. Give any two examples of informal sector of credit.

Q. When we produce goods by exploiting natural resources, in which category of economic sector such activities come?

Q. Classify resources on the basis of their origin.

Q. Why did the merchants from the towns of Europe began to move to the countryside in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Q. "The Government of India had introduced various institutional and technological reforms to improve agriculture in the $1980$s and $1990$s." Support this statement with examples.

Q. "Dense and efficient network of transport is a pre-requisite for local and national development." Analyse the statement.

Q. Distinguish between the themes of novels 'Pride and Prejudice' and 'Jane Eyre' written by Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte respectively.

Q. State any two goals of development other than income.