Question

Rate and depth of respiration shall increase when

• A. CO₂ concentration increases
• B. O₂ concentration increases
• C. HCO₃ concentration increases
• D. HCO₃ concentration decreases

Answer 1

The correct option is A

CO₂ concentration increases

The correct option is A.

Explanation for the correct option:

1. The rate and depth of respiration both increase when CO₂ concentration rises.
2. A rise in hydronium ions and a decrease in pH are both brought on by an increase in CO₂.
3. Through the respiratory centers, the elevated hydronium ions cause the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to contract (pons and medulla oblongata).
4. Breathing rate and depth increase as a result of the contraction, which also causes more CO₂ to be released and more air to enter and depart lungs more quickly.

Explanation for the incorrect options:

Option B:

1. During respiratory distress, breathing becomes slower.
2. Persons who take shallow breaths have a slower increase in oxygen levels than others.

Option C:

1. Increasing in HCO₃ cause metabolic alkalosis, a disorder that causes a pH elevation in tissue and can create a high quantity of bicarbonate in your blood.
2. The loss of acid from your body, such as via vomiting or dehydration, can cause metabolic alkalosis.

Option D:

1. Decreases in HCO₃ in the blood can lead to metabolic acidosis or an excess of acid in the body.
2. Metabolic acidosis can be caused by a variety of illnesses, including diarrhea, renal disease, and liver failure.

Final Answer: Rate and depth of respiration shall increase when CO₂ concentration increases.