Question

Reaction of hydrochloric acid with ___________ does not produces salt.

• A. ammonium ion
  
• B. ammonia
  
• C. nitrogen
• D. none of the above

Answer 1

The correct option is B ammonia

$HCl$ is the proton donor, and hence the acid. $N{H}_3$ is the proton acceptor, and the base. $N{H}_4^{+}$ is the conjugate acid and $C{l}^{-}$ is the conjugate base. This is a classic Bronsted-Lowry acid/base reaction.
The reaction is a bit trickier because when $N{H}_3$ is added to water it reacts with the water to produce a slight amount of $N{H}_4^{+}$ and $OH-$ . The water behaves as the Bronsted-Lowry acid. As $HCl$ is added, the $H+$ reacts with $O{H}^{-}$ to make water and shifts the equilibrium toward the $N{H}_4^{+}$ / $O{H}^{-}$ side until all of the $N{H}_3$ is converted to $N{H}_4^{+}$.
This reaction also occurs in the gas phase, but produces a solid product.
$N{H}_3\left(g\right)+HCl\left(g\right)\to N{H}_{4}Cl\left(s\right)$