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Question

Read the following statements.


a. ______ are the plants with well-differentiated reproductive tissues which ultimately produce seeds.
b. Well-developed individuals breed more successfully than those who are less well-developed and pass on their genes to next generation. This process is called as _______.
c. Nictitating membrane and coccyx bone in human beings are the examples of ______ organs.
d. ______ is always an active, energy-requiring process involving contractions mainly of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
e. Through the process of ______, cells formed by meristematic tissue lose the capacity to divide, transform into permanent tissue and become specialized to perform certain specific functions.

Select the option which correctly fills the blanks in any two of the above statements.

A
(a) Gymnosperms, (b) Natural selection
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B
(c) Vestigial, (d) Fatigue
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C
(a) Phanerogams, (e) Differentiation
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D
(b) Struggle for existence, (d) Inspiration
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Solution

The correct option is C (a) Phanerogams, (e) Differentiation
Phanerogams are flowering or seed-bearing plants. They are the most advanced plants. They possess well-developed roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell changes from one cell type to another. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. Natural selection theory states that individuals with characteristics which increase their probability of survival will have more opportunities to reproduce and their offspring will also benefit from the heritable, advantageous character. So over time these variants will spread through the population. Nictitating membrane and coccyx bone in human beings are the examples of vestigial organs. Inspiration is always an active, energy-requiring process involving contractions mainly of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.

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