Question

Read the following statements about four kinds of microorganisms P, Q, R, and S.

(i) P converts milk into curd.
(ii) Q is used for making antibiotics.
(iii) R contains RNA as genetic material and causes the reduction in immunity of its host.
(iv) S is used to manufacture wine and beer.
Select the correct option.

• A. P is yeast and R is HIV
• B. Q is Lactobacillus and R is yeast
  
• C. P is Lactobacillus and Q is Penicillium
  
• D. Q is HIV and S is yeast

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

P is Lactobacillus and Q is Penicillium

The label P refers to the organism which is the bacterium Lactobacillus. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria. They convert the lactose sugar present in the milk into the lactic acid through anaerobic fermentation which leads to the formation of curd.
The label Q refers to the organism Penicillium. It is an ascomycetous fungus. They produce antibiotic penicillin which is used to treat bacterial infections.
The label R refers to the HIV virus. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus responsible for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system.
The label S refers to the organism yeast. Yeast performs anaerobic fermentation in which the sugar is converted to alcohol. They are used for the production of wine and beer.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.