Question

Read the following statements and identify which of them are true and false and select the correct option

(i) Branchial respiration occurs in fishes.
(ii) Pharynx is a common passage for the air we inhale and the food we eat.
(iii) In men, the vocal cords are usually shorter and thinner.
(iv) ​​​​​​​Breathing occurs voluntarily but the rate is controlled by the respiratory centre located in the medulla oblongata.
(v) Diaphragm is the characteristic of all mammals.

$\begin{array}{ccccc}\left(i\right)& \left(ii\right)& \left(iii\right)& \left(iv\right)& \left(v\right)\\ \text{(a) False}& \text{False}& \text{True}& \text{True}& \text{True}\\ \text{(b) True}& \text{True}& \text{False}& \text{False}& \text{True}\\ \text{(c) True}& \text{False}& \text{True}& \text{True}& \text{False}\\ \text{(d) False}& \text{True}& \text{True}& \text{False}& \text{True}\end{array}$

Answer 1

(i) Respiration over the gills is called Branchial respiration. Branchial respiration occurs in fishes. Gill extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.

(ii) Pharynx connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus. It is the common pathway for food and air.

(iii) Males have longer, thicker vocal cords. The average length for a male's vocal cords is between 17mm and 25mm and in women it's about 5 mm shorter.

(iv)Breathing is usually automatic, controlled subconsciously by the respiratory center at the base of the brain. Breathing continues during sleep and usually even when a person is unconscious. People can also control their breathing when they wish, for example during speech, singing, or voluntary breath holding.

(v) The diaphragm is a thin skeletal muscle that is present at the base of the thoracic cavity. It separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It alters the volume of the thoracic cavity.
The presence of the diaphragm is a characteristic feature of mammals.