Question

Read the given paragraph carefully and fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate option.

___(i)___ is a thick, dark, strong-smelling liquid found deep in the earth. Unrefined (i) is called ___(ii)___ and ___(iii)___ gets collected over (i) inside the earth. During fractional distillation of (i), the fraction with ___(iv)___boiling point condenses in the uppermost region and uncondensed ___(v)___ comes out of the fractionating tower.

• A. (i)–Kerosene; (ii)–Petrol;
  (iii)-Hydrogen gas; (iv)-Lowest;
  (V)-Methane gas
• B. (i)-Petroleum; (ii)–Crude oil;
  (iii)-Natural gas; (iv)-Lowest;
  (V)-Petroleum gas
• C. (i)–Petrol; (ii)–Petroleum;
  (iii)-Methane gas; (iv)-Highest;
  (V)-Natural gas
• D. (i)-Petrol; (ii)-Petroleum;
  (iii)-Hydrogen gas; (iv)-Highest;
  (V)-Natural gas

Answer 1

The correct option is B (i)-Petroleum; (ii)–Crude oil;

(iii)-Natural gas; (iv)-Lowest;
(V)-Petroleum gas
$\bullet$ Petroleum is a dark oily liquid with unpleasant odour.
It was formed from the dead marine organisms that settled at the bottom of the sea. Unrefined petroleum is also called crude oil.
$\bullet$ Petroleum and natural gas are formed from the dead remains of marine organisms. Natural gas is collected over petroleum inside the earth.
$\bullet$ Petroleum can be separated into its various constituents by a process called refining, using fractional distillation.
$\bullet$ The principle of fractional distillation is that different constituent liquids of petroleum boil at different temperatures.
$\bullet$ The constituents with the higher boiling points will condense in the lower parts of the column while substances with a lower boiling point will condense at the top and uncondensed petroleum gas comes out of the fractionating tower.