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Question
Read the given statement and identify the correct option with respect to the type of evolutionary evidence.
“Some of the proteins present in the blood of man and ape are similar, the base sequence in nucleic acids of related organisms are alike.”
Read the given statement and identify the correct option with respect to the type of evolutionary evidence.
“Some of the proteins present in the blood of man and ape are similar, the base sequence in nucleic acids of related organisms are alike.”
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Solution
The correct option is A Biochemical evidence
There is closer and distant relationships between the diverse varieties of organisms. This is proved from the different categories of evidences of evolution.
Biochemical evidence: Organisms show relationships in the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in the body. The closeness of two organisms can be determined by the degree of similarity between the base sequence in their nucleic acids and amino acid sequences in their proteins. These similarities provide biochemical evidence of evolution. Biochemical studies of human and chimpanzee showed that they share 98.8 percent of their DNA which indicates that they are very closely related.
Biogeographical evidence: The study of the pattern of distribution of animals and plants in different parts of Earth is called biogeography which provides biogeographical evidence. It shows that sometimes closely similar species exist at widely separated places without any representative in intervening territory. For example: Llamas of South America and camels of Asia show close similarities.
Paleontological evidence: The study of fossils is called paleontology. Fossils are the remains or impressions of the hard parts of the dead organisms. They provide one of the most acceptable evidences of evolution by revealing the characteristics of the organisms of the past as well as the changes occurred in these organisms from time to time. These evidences are refered to as paleontological evidence. For example: Archaeopteryx fossil shows that birds evolved from reptiles.
Anatomical evidence: The evidence based on comparative forms of different organisms and structures of different parts of organs is called anatomical evidence. Closely related organisms share similar anatomical structures. For example: The forelimbs in vertebrates like human beings, cheetah and whales share the same structure but perform different functions.
Figure: Humans are closely related to chimpanzees than gorilla
There is closer and distant relationships between the diverse varieties of organisms. This is proved from the different categories of evidences of evolution.
Biochemical evidence: Organisms show relationships in the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in the body. The closeness of two organisms can be determined by the degree of similarity between the base sequence in their nucleic acids and amino acid sequences in their proteins. These similarities provide biochemical evidence of evolution. Biochemical studies of human and chimpanzee showed that they share 98.8 percent of their DNA which indicates that they are very closely related.
Biogeographical evidence: The study of the pattern of distribution of animals and plants in different parts of Earth is called biogeography which provides biogeographical evidence. It shows that sometimes closely similar species exist at widely separated places without any representative in intervening territory. For example: Llamas of South America and camels of Asia show close similarities.
Paleontological evidence: The study of fossils is called paleontology. Fossils are the remains or impressions of the hard parts of the dead organisms. They provide one of the most acceptable evidences of evolution by revealing the characteristics of the organisms of the past as well as the changes occurred in these organisms from time to time. These evidences are refered to as paleontological evidence. For example: Archaeopteryx fossil shows that birds evolved from reptiles.
Anatomical evidence: The evidence based on comparative forms of different organisms and structures of different parts of organs is called anatomical evidence. Closely related organisms share similar anatomical structures. For example: The forelimbs in vertebrates like human beings, cheetah and whales share the same structure but perform different functions.
Figure: Humans are closely related to chimpanzees than gorillaSuggest Corrections
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