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Standard X
Biology
Molecular Biology and Physiological Evidence
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Question

Read the passage and answer the following questions.
The following data table shows the number of different amino acids in the beta hemoglobin chain of various organisms compared to the human beta chain.
Organism
Name of different amino acids
Human
0
Mouse
27
Frog
68
Monkey
11
Lamprey
125
Chicken
35
Gibbon
2
Which of the following organisms are closely related to humans, based on hemoglobin amino acid sequence?

A
Mouse
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B
Monkey
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C
Chicken
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D
Gibbon
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E
Lamprey
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Solution

The correct option is D Gibbon
According to given data, gibbons have only two different amino acids in their beta globin chain from that of human while mouse, monkey and chickens show 27, 11 and 35 different amino acids. This makes gibbon closely related to human.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

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Q. Read the passage and answer the following questions.

The following data table shows the number of different amino acids in the beta hemoglobin chain of various organisms compared to the human beta chain.
Organism
Number of different amino acids
Human
0
Mouse
27
Frog
68
Monkey
11
Lamprey
125
Chicken
35
Gibbon
2
Human haemoglobin and Gibbon haemoglobin are even more closely related than another organism in the table and yet humans and gorilla are considered as different species because

Q.

A. The amino acids in the β chain of haemoglobin in Chimpanzee and human are the same.

B. The difference in amino acids in the β chain of haemoglobin in rats and human beings is just one amino acid.

C. Gorilla, chimpanzee and humans also have the same amino acids in the β chain of haemoglobin.

Which of the above are False?

Q. When the portion of the aspartate transaminase enzyme from different species are sequenced. The amino acid sequences are shown in the table. Each letter stands for an amino acid. Differences from the human sequence are indicated by bold letters. Missing amino acids are indicated by a dash (-).
Which of the following mutations could not resulted in the amino acid differences?
481608.JPG
Q. Following (A,B,C and D) are four closely related species, having similar amino acid sequences in their haemoglobin chain. If amino acid substitution occurs in the chain of haemoglobin in an order given in table, then their evolutionary pattern can be depicted by
Comparison of species Number of amino acid substitution
A and B 10
B and C 30
A and C 20
D and C 27
A and D 20
D and B 1

Q. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino and carboxylic groups. In the form of proteins, amino acid residues form the second-largest component of human muscles and other tissues. Beyond their role as residues in proteins, amino acids participate in a number of processes such as neurotransmitter transport and biosynthesis.

Which of the following is an amino acid?
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