(i)
This is the normal form of the given line, where p = 2, and .
(ii)
This is the normal form of the given line, where p = 1, and
(iii)
This is the normal form of the given line, where p = 2, and
.
(iv) x − 3 = 0
This is the normal form of the given line, where p = 3, and .
(v) y − 2 = 0
This is the normal form of the given line, where p = 2, and .