Question

Resonance structures of aniline are shown below
Considering the above structures, it can be concluded that:

• A. $60$% of the molecules of aniline exist as structures II, III and IV
• B. in aniline, the $N-$atom carries one unit positive charge
• C. aniline has dipole moment with the $N-$atom as the positive end
• D. the meta position of aniline is electron deficient in comparison to benzene

Answer 1

The correct option is C aniline has dipole moment with the $N-$atom as the positive end

In 3 (out of 5) resonance structures of aniline, the $N$ atom has a positive charge and one of the $C$ atoms or the ring (ortho or para to amino group) has a negative charge.
Hence, in the resonance hybrid for aniline, $N$ atom has partial positive charge and $C$ atoms or the ring (ortho or para to amino group) have partial negative charge.
Hence, aniline has dipole moment with the $N-$atom as the positive end.