Question

Respiratory disorders occur due to automobile exhaust, which release ............

• A. $CO$
• B. $C{H}_4$
• C. Chlorine
• D. $N{O}_2$

Answer 1

The correct option is D $N{O}_2$

The largest part of most combustion gas is nitrogen ($N_2$), water vapor ($H_{2}O$) and carbon dioxide ($C{O}_2$). A relatively small part of combustion gas is undesirable noxious or toxic substances, such as carbon monoxide (CO) from incomplete combustion, hydrocarbons from unburnt fuel, nitrogen oxides (NOx) from excessive combustion temperatures, ozone ($O_3$), and particulate matter (mostly soot). Mono-nitrogen oxides NO and $N{O}_2$ react with ammonia, moisture, and other compounds react to form nitric acid vapor and related particles. Small particles can penetrate deeply into sensitive lung tissue and damage it, causing premature death in extreme cases. Inhalation of such particles may cause or worsen respiratory diseases, such as emphysema and bronchitis. It may also aggravate existing heart disease. Carbon monoxide (CO) combines with haemoglobin to produce carboxyhaemoglobin, which is ineffective for delivering oxygen to bodily tissues.