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Ribosomes of Eukaryotic Cell

Ribosomes tak...

Question

Ribosomes take part in protein synthesis in

A

Viruses

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B

Prokaryotes

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C

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

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D

Eukaryotes only

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Solution

The correct option is C Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Ribosomes are known as protein factories because they are the main site of protein synthesis.
They are composed of ribonucleic acids and proteins.
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes.
In prokaryotes, the ribosome present is 70S type whereas eukaryotes have both 70S ribosome (mitochondria and chloroplast) and 80S ribosome (nucleus).
So, the correct answer is Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes'.

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Q. Several antibiotics exert their action by targeting the unique protein synthesis processes in bacteria. They exploit the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation mechanisms to selectively inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria without affecting the eukaryotic host.
Ribosomes are a specific target of some antibiotics since there is a significant difference in size and structure between eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes: eukaryotic ribosomes consist of a 60S subunit and a 40S subunit, whereas prokaryotic ribosomes are composed of 30S and 40S subunits.
Tetracycline is a common antibiotic that works at the level of protein synthesis in bacteria.
Which of the following provides the best explanation for the effectiveness of Tetracycline as an antibiotic in eukaryotic cells?

Q. Ribosomes are the cellular components that make proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Q. Assertion: Nucleoli indirectly help in protein synthesis.
Reason: Ribosome formation takes place in nucleoli.

Read the passage and answer the following question.

Ribosomes are the smallest cell organelles which can be seen only through an electron microscope. They are found in both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cells. Ribosomes are dense, round bodies which occur freely in the cytoplasm and may remain attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. Chemically, ribosomes are made up of ribonucleoprotein (in eukaryotic cells, the constituent of the ribosome is 40% protein and 60% ribosomal RNA). Ribosomes help in the process of protein synthesis. They are, therefore, called as the protein factories of the cell.

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