Ritualized contests with little risk of serious injury or death to animal within the species lead to
A
A stable dominance hierarchy
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B
Biological altruism
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C
Adaptive radiation
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D
Instinctive behavior
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E
A broader habitat
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Solution
The correct option is B A stable dominance hierarchy Ritual contests with little risk to injury help individuals to display their stereotyped aggression which in turn prevent other organisms to attack it. Organization of individuals of a grouped according to their dominance refers to as dominance hierarchy. The agonistic behaviour such as ritual contest with little risk leads to maintenance of stable hierarchy.