5
Question
Rutherford's alpha scattering experiment led to the discovery of
Rutherford's alpha scattering experiment led to the discovery of
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Solution
The correct option is D Nucleus
The explanation for the correct option:
Option D
Rutherford α-particle scattering experiment concluded that:
- Most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil in a straight line without getting deflected because most of the space inside the atom is empty.
- Some of the α-particles were deflected at small angles indicating that there is a positively charged region at the centre that occupies very little space.
- A very small number of α-particles were deflected by large angles indicating that all the mass and positive charge of the gold atom is concentrated within the small region in the atom.
- This positively charged region was named nucleus by Rutherford.
The explanation for the incorrect options:
Option A
Protons were discovered by Eugene Goldstein by using a tube filled with hydrogen gas.
Option B
Electrons were discovered by J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode-ray tubes which indicated that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles called electrons.
Option C
Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick who conducted an experiment in which he bombarded Beryllium with alpha particles from the natural radioactive decay of Polonium.
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
Nucleus
The explanation for the correct option:
Option D
Rutherford α-particle scattering experiment concluded that:
- Most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil in a straight line without getting deflected because most of the space inside the atom is empty.
- Some of the α-particles were deflected at small angles indicating that there is a positively charged region at the centre that occupies very little space.
- A very small number of α-particles were deflected by large angles indicating that all the mass and positive charge of the gold atom is concentrated within the small region in the atom.
- This positively charged region was named nucleus by Rutherford.
The explanation for the incorrect options:
Option A
Protons were discovered by Eugene Goldstein by using a tube filled with hydrogen gas.
Option B
Electrons were discovered by J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode-ray tubes which indicated that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles called electrons.
Option C
Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick who conducted an experiment in which he bombarded Beryllium with alpha particles from the natural radioactive decay of Polonium.
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
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