Question

Select incorrect statement about inductive effect.

• A. Inductive effect does not involve $\pi$ -electrons
• B. Inductive effect is the polarisation of $\sigma$ bond electrons
• C. Inductive effect creates net charge in the molecule
• D. Inductive effect is distance dependent effect

Answer 1

The correct option is C Inductive effect creates net charge in the molecule

Inductive effect is an experimentally observable effect of the transmission of charge through a chain of atoms in a molecule, resulting in a permanent dipole in a bond.

The electron cloud in $\sigma$ -bond between two unlike atoms is not uniform and is slightly displaced towards the more electronegative of the two atoms. This causes a permanent state of bond polarization, where the more electronegative atom has a slight negative charge (-) and another atom has a slight positive charge (+).

The strength of the inductive effect is also dependent on the distance between the substituent group and the main group that reacts; the greater the distance, the weaker the effect.

Option C is correct.