Select the compound with incorrect principal group:-

$C H_{3} - O | | C - O | | C - O H$ $\to k e t o n e$

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$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O | | C - C H_{2} - O H$ $\to a l c o h o l$

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$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C N | C H - C H O$ $\to C y a n i d e / C a r b o n i t r i l e / n i t r i l e$

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$C H_{3} - C H | C N - C H_{2} - C H_{2} - C O O H$ $\to C a r b o x y l i c a c i d$

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Solution

The correct option is B
$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O | | C - C H_{2} - O H$ $\to a l c o h o l$

when there are more than one functional groups,then the principal group is chosen in the following

decreasing order.

$- C O O H$ > $- S O_{3} H$ > Esters > Acid halides > Amides > Imides >
aldehydes > Cyanides > isocyanides > Ketones > Alcohols and so on

(a) It has both a $- O | | C -$ and $- O | | C - O H$ in $C H_{3} - O | | C - O | | C - O H$ .Here $- O | | C - O H$ has the

higher preference .Hence the given compound is a carboxylic acid and NOT a ketone.

(b) Has both $- O | | C -$ and -OH groups.It is a ketone and not an alcohol.

(c) $C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H | C N - C H O$ has both -CN as well as -CHO. -CN has higher preference than -CHO.

(d) It has both -CN and -COOH but has been rightly matched with "carboxylic acid".

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