Select the correct statement/s among the following?
(a) Order of bond length : $O_{2} < O_{2}^{+} < O_{2}^{- 2} < O_{2}^{+ 2}$
(b) Number of $d π - p π$ bonds in $S O_{2}$ are 2
(c) $X e F_{2}, S O_{3}, X e F_{4}, S C l_{4},$ have non-zero dipole moment
(d) Order of ionic nature $L i C l > N a C l > K C l > R b C L > C s C l$
(e) $A B_{2} E_{2}$ has square planar geometry
(f) Equal number of dative bonds in molecules are $N_{2} O, O_{3}, S O_{2}, B_{3} N_{3} H_{6}, [C u (N H_{3})_{4}] S O_{4}$
(g) All electron deficient molecules of ‘B’ in $B_{2} H_{6}$ undergo $s p_{2}$ hybridization
(h) Central atom in a molecule has $6 b o n d e d p a i r s$ and $0 l o n e p a i r s$ then geometry is distorted octahedral geometry ___

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Solution

a)Molecular orbital having $π^{*} (p_{x}^{1} = p_{y}^{1})$ has highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) so if an electron is removed from antibonding then bond order will increase and bond length decreases.
so order of bond length of oxygen ions:
$O_{2}^{2 -} > O_{2} > O_{2}^{+} > O_{2}^{2 +}$

b) $S O_{2}$ molecule has only one pi bond formed by overlapping of $d$ orbital of sulphur with $p$ orbital of oxygen.Other pi bond is formed by overlapping between p-orbital of sulphur to p-orbital of oxygen.

c) Dipole moment of a molecule depends upon geometry and substituted groups of central atom.
$X e F_{2}$ has a linear shape so dipole momentum is zero.
$S O_{3}$ has a trigonal planar shape and individual dipole moment of S=O bond cancel each other so dipole momentum is zero. Similarly for $X e F_{4}$ and $S i C l_{4}$ as they are symmetric in shape

d)According to fajans' rule:
Covalent character $\propto \frac{1}{s i z e o f c a t i o n}$

$\propto s i z e o f a n i o n$
so correct order of ionic character :
$L i C l < N a C l < K C l < R b C L < C s C l$

e)In this type of molecule,'A' indicates central atom, 'B' outer atoms and 'E' indicates number of electron lone pair on central atom hence sum of sigma bonds and lone pairs is equal to 4 and by valance bond theory we conclude that it is $s p^{3}$ hybridized having tetrahedral geometry.

f)Dative bond means a covalent bond where both electron are donated by a atom.
$N O_{2}$ has one dative bond, $S O_{2}$ has zero dative bonds
$B_{3} N_{3} H_{3}$ has three dative bonds, $O_{3}$ has one dative bonds, $[C u (N H_{3})_{4}] S O_{4}$ has four dative bonds

g)Given statement is not correct because in $B_{2} H_{6}$ boron being a electron deficient atom ad it forms banana bonding due to which its hybridization is $s p^{3}$ not $S p^{2}$ .

h)If sum of sigma bonds and lone pairs is equal to seven,then shape is distorted octahedral geometry, for this shape is octahedral

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P H_{5}

B i C l_{5}

C O_{3}^{2 -}

S e F_{4} a n d C H_{4}

I_{3}^{+}

P_{π} - d_{π}

S O_{2} & S O_{3}

O_{2}

O_{2}

Which are true statements among the following ?

(A) $P H_{5}$ and $B i C L_{5}$ do not exist

(B) Bond order of $C O_{3}^{- 2}$ is 1.33

(D) $I_{3}^{+}$ has bent geometry

(E) The number of $P_{π} - d_{π}$ bonds in $S O_{2} & S O_{3}$ are same

Which are true statements among the following ?

(A) $P H_{5}$ and $B i C l_{5}$ do not exist

(B) Bond order of $C O_{3}^{-} 2$ is 1.33

(D) $I_{3}^{-}$ has linear geometry

(E) The number of $P_{π}$ - $d_{π}$ bonds in $S O_{2}$ and $S O_{3}$ are same

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