1
Question
Select the incorrectly matched pair(s):
Column I
Column II
1. Term Ecology
Haeckel
2. Organisms that can tolerate and thrive wide range of temperatures
Stenothermal
3. Two biomes that are most similar with regard to rainfall
Tundra and desert
Select the incorrectly matched pair(s):
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Term Ecology | Haeckel |
| 2. Organisms that can tolerate and thrive wide range of temperatures | Stenothermal |
| 3. Two biomes that are most similar with regard to rainfall | Tundra and desert |
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Solution
The correct option is D 2 only
Study of the relationship of living organisms with other living organisms and their surrounding physical environment is called Ecology. It is derived from the Greek word 'oikos', which means home and 'logos' which means study. The term Ecology is fairly recent and was coined by German biologist Ernst Haeckel. Therefore, the first pair is correct.
Temperature is an important abiotic environmental factor. Animals are adapted to their environments and hence desert animals like camels cannot live in cold countries of the arctic region and similarly polar bears cannot stay in grasslands or in deserts.
This is because temperature affects the kinetics of enzymes (rates of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions), thereby it affects the metabolic activity and physiological functions in the body of the organism.
Metabolic and enzyme activities in animals require the optimum temperatures to function or such processes can slow down and affect that living organism. Therefore, on the basis of tolerance to temperature, organisms can be classified as eurythermal or stenothermal.
- Eurythermal - These organisms can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures. For example, man and common carp. These organisms are found all over the world and can thrive in various regions with varying temperatures.
- Stenothermal - These organisms can tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures. For example, crocodile cannot tolerate extreme temperatures other than their habitat and are most adapted to the temperatures of their respective habitats. Therefore, the second pair is incorrect.
Biomes are very large ecological areas on the Earth's surface and each has its own fauna (animals) and flora (plants) that have adapted to the particular environment. The desert and tundra are the two biomes that receive the least amount of rainfall during the year.
The tundra receives very little precipitation, about 6-10 inches annually, mostly in the form of snow and has extreme low temperatures with scanty vegetation in the form of grasses, mosses and lichens (symbiotic association of algae and fungi).
Figure : Tundra
The desert receives less than 9.9 inches of precipitation per year, and has extremely high temperatures with sparse vegetation in the form of deep rooted shrubs (cactus). Animals (camels) hardly sweat in this biome to conserve water. Therefore, the third pair is correct.
Figure : Desert
Study of the relationship of living organisms with other living organisms and their surrounding physical environment is called Ecology. It is derived from the Greek word 'oikos', which means home and 'logos' which means study. The term Ecology is fairly recent and was coined by German biologist Ernst Haeckel. Therefore, the first pair is correct.
Temperature is an important abiotic environmental factor. Animals are adapted to their environments and hence desert animals like camels cannot live in cold countries of the arctic region and similarly polar bears cannot stay in grasslands or in deserts.
This is because temperature affects the kinetics of enzymes (rates of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions), thereby it affects the metabolic activity and physiological functions in the body of the organism.
Metabolic and enzyme activities in animals require the optimum temperatures to function or such processes can slow down and affect that living organism. Therefore, on the basis of tolerance to temperature, organisms can be classified as eurythermal or stenothermal.
- Eurythermal - These organisms can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures. For example, man and common carp. These organisms are found all over the world and can thrive in various regions with varying temperatures.
- Stenothermal - These organisms can tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures. For example, crocodile cannot tolerate extreme temperatures other than their habitat and are most adapted to the temperatures of their respective habitats. Therefore, the second pair is incorrect.
The tundra receives very little precipitation, about 6-10 inches annually, mostly in the form of snow and has extreme low temperatures with scanty vegetation in the form of grasses, mosses and lichens (symbiotic association of algae and fungi).
Figure : TundraThe desert receives less than 9.9 inches of precipitation per year, and has extremely high temperatures with sparse vegetation in the form of deep rooted shrubs (cactus). Animals (camels) hardly sweat in this biome to conserve water. Therefore, the third pair is correct.
Figure : DesertSuggest Corrections
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