Question

Select the wrong statements with regard to hormonal disorders.

• A. The deficiency of thyroxine in children leads to physical and mental retardation and result cretinism.
• B. Hyposecretion of aldosterone and cortisol results Addison's disease.
• C. Elevated level of cortisol in the blood results in Cushing's syndrome.
• D. Grave's disease is an autoimmune disorder results due to hypothyroidism.

Answer 1

The correct option is D Grave's disease is an autoimmune disorder results due to hypothyroidism.

Cretinism is caused by the underdeveloped thyroid gland and is characterized by short and stocky stature due to hypothyroidism since infancy or childhood. Addison’s disease is caused by the presence of ineffective ACTH which in turn leads to the deficiency of aldosterone and cortisol hormones of the adrenal cortex. It is characterized by bronzing of skin, disturbed glucose metabolism, loss of sodium and water and finally lower blood pressure. Excessive ACTH secretion by anterior pituitary results in hyperproduction of cortisol causing Cushing’s disease. It is characterized by deposition of subcutaneous fat, stimulated muscle protein metabolism and leading to diabetes mellitus, stimulated reabsorption of water and sodium making the blood pH basic and causing hypertension also. Oversecretion of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism) causes Graves’s disease which is characterized by the formation of an exophthalmic goitre. Autoimmune disorders are caused by abnormal functioning of the immune system against body’s own substances. The correct answer is D.