Semen composition includes the secretions of
Semen is produced from male gonads that contain sperms (that can fertilise ovum) and seminal plasma that provides essential conditions for sperm nourishment and maturation. It is a combined secretion of Bulbourethral glands (<1%), seminal vesicle (65 – 75%), prostate gland (25 – 30%) and duct such as epididymis.
Seminiferous tubules present inside the testes produce sperm via a process called spermatogenesis.
Secretion of the seminal vesicle contributes to 60% of semen volume. It consists of fructose and calcium (energy for sperm), prostaglandins (uterine contraction) and clotting proteins (coagulation of semen after ejaculation).
20-25% of semen volume is because of prostate and bulbourethral gland. Prostate gland secretion contains citric acid that helps sperm to produce ATP for its motility.
The bulbourethral gland secretes mucus that protects sperm from getting damaged and lubricates the penis.