The correct option is
D Microbial succession
The correct option is D.
Explanation of correct option:
- Micro-succession refers to the order in which microbiological organisms replace one another within biological communities of dead trees, animal excrement, and the like.
- Succession in biology refers to the sequence in which species populate an ecosystem over time.
- In inheritance law, a successor is someone who comes after you in a familial lineage.
- The succession of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in a micro environment is known as microsere or microsuccession.
- It is also known as serule.
Explanation of incorrect options:
Option A:
- The lithosphere is the solid outermost shell of the Earth.
- It is made up of the crust and a component of the upper mantle that has a flexible behavior over thousands of years or longer.
Option B:
- The biosphere is the area of air, land, and water where creatures can be found.
- It is frequently referred to as the global sum of all ecosystems and is made up of various layers, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere.
Option C:
- Hydro-sere is a succession that begins in a water body (aquatic environment).
- A succession like this does not always result in the formation of a land community.
Final Answer: Serule is microbial succession.