Question

Short / Long Answer question Type :
What is corpus luteum ? Under what condition does it undergo degeneration?

Answer 1

Ovulation occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. The follicular cells and the cells of zona granulosa of a ruptured follicle/ovum forms a yellow glandular structure known as corpus luteum. It secretes estradiol in some amount. Its main function is to secrete the female sex hormone, progesterone. Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation of the fertilized ovum to establish a pregnancy. It thickens the endometrium of the uterus, increases its blood supply, the fat and glycogen contents of the endometrium cells. If pregnancy occurs corpus luteum is maintained for about 3 or 4 months and its progesterone stimulates the growth of mammary glands and stops maturation of fresh follicles and menstruation. If there is no fertilization or the zygote is not implanted, the corpus luteum functions for only about 10-12 hours and then starts degenerating and menstruation takes place.