Question

Short / Long answer type questions.
Describe the structure of bacterial cell and methods of genetic recombination in bacteria.

Answer 1

Structure of bacterial cell includes;

1. Cell envelop which consist of a capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane.
   
2. Cytoplasm which is granular and lacks membranal organelles. It consists of mesosome (extension of plasma membrane into the cell), ribosomes which can be fixed or free and chromatophores(membrane sacks developed in photosynthetic bacteria)
   
3. Nucleoid: genetic material of prokaryotes
   
4. Plasmid; circular double-stranded extranuclear DNA.
   
5. Other structures which can be present are Flagella, pili, fimbriae.
   

Methods of genetic recombination in bacteria are transformation, conjugation, transduction.