Question

Short / Long answer type questions.
Differentiate between:
(a)Sap wood and heartwood, (b) Cork cambium and vascular cambium, (c) Phellem
and phelloderm, (d) Soft wood and hardwood, (e) Fascicular cambium and interfascicular cambium

Answer 1

Sapwood	Heartwood
Lighter in colour	Darker in colour
Helps in the conduction of water and minerals from root to leaf in old trees	Does not conduct water but gives mechanical support to the stem due to its hard and durable nature

Cork cambium	Vascular cambium
Develops from secondary lateral meristem	Develops from apical meristem
Give rise to bark and secondary cortex	Give rise to secondary xylem and phloem
Produces the lenticels	Produces the medullary rays
Provides protection against the damage and prevents water loss	Provides vascular tissues for water and minerals conduction

Phellem	Phelloderm
Called as cork	Called as the secondary cortex
Composed of dead cells	Composed of living cells
Cells are closely packed	Cells are densely packed
Highly suberized	Not suberized
Impermeable to water due to the presence of suberin	Permeable to water
Produced by phellogen towards the outer side	Produced by phellogen towards the inner side

Softwood	Hardwood
Usually less dense	Usually denser
They are gymnosperms that remain evergreen	They are angiosperms that come from deciduous trees
Examples include: Pine, redwood and larch	Examples include: Eucalyptus, beech and Blackwood

Fascicular cambium	Interfascicular cambium
The meristematic tissue which develops within the vascular bundles.	The meristematic tissue which develops between the vascular bundles.
It is a primary meristem.	It is a secondary meristem.