Short / Long answer type questions.
When a garden pea plant with violet flowers was crossed with another plant with white flowers, 50% of the progeny bore violet flowers. (a) Work out the cross. (b) Name the type of cross and mention its significance. (c) How does the inheritance pattern of flower colour in snapdragon differ from the above?

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Solution

V v
v Vv (violet) vv (white)
v Vv (violet) vv (white)
(a) For 50% violet flowers, the genotype will be Vv and vv. The cross is shown above.
(b) Since only one character inheritance is being studied at one time, this type of cross is called monohybrid cross. This cross explains the law of segregation where the alleles of the parental pair segregate from each other and only one allele is transmitted to a gamete. The segregation is a random process such that there is a 50 percent chance of a gamete containing either allele.
(c) Snapdragon shows incomplete dominance in which the dominant gene is not completely able to suppress the effect of the recessive gene. This results in a third phenotype.

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