Question

Short / long answer type questions.
Write short notes on:
(a) Vital capacity, (b) Tidal volume, (c) Artificial respiration, (d) Inspiratory reserve volume, (e) Chloride shift

Answer 1

1. Vital capacity: Vital lung capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. It is equal to the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.

2. Tidal Volume: Volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration. It is normally is 500 ml.

3. Artificial respiration: It is any method which causes air to flow in a person's lungs when natural breathing is inadequate or ceases, as in respiratory paralysis, choking, drowning etc.

4. Inspiratory reserve volume: Additional volume of air a person can inspire by forceful inspiration. It is 2500-3000 ml.

5. Chloride shift: It is a process that describes the exchange of chloride and bicarbonate ions across the membrane of red blood cells.