Question

Write about transcription, translocation and translation.

Answer 1

TRANSCRIPTION

1. Transcription is the process of producing a strand of RNA from a strand of DNA.
2. The information present in the DNA molecules are transcribed into the mRNA molecule.

TRANSLATION

1. Translation is the process where the information carried in the mRNA molecules are used to create proteins.
2. The specific sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA molecule provide the code for the production of a protein in correspondence with the specific sequence of amino acids.
3. Much like how RNA is built from many nucleotides, a protein is formed from many amino acids.
4. A chain of amino acids is called a ‘polypeptide chain’ and a polypeptide chain bends and folds on itself to form a protein.

TRANSLOCATION

1. The products of metabolic processes, particularly photosynthesis, are moved from leaves, where they are formed, to other parts of the plant.
2. This transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is called translocation and it occurs in the vascular tissue known as phloem.