Question

Sketch and describe in your own words, the plant cell and animal cell. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> [Textbook Question 4 pg no.80]

Answer 1

Plant Cell:

1. A plant cell is a eukaryotic cell that has a cell wall.
2. The cell wall is the distinctive nature of the plant cell as the animal cell does not have it.
3. The plant cell has a rectangular shape, and also its size is comparable more than that of an animal cell.
4. The plant cell contains multiple cell organelles that perform specific functions in the life process of the plant.
5. The outermost layer of the plant cell is a cell wall which is located outside the cell membrane. It consists of proteins, polysaccharides, and cellulose. The semipermeable membrane that is present on the cell wall is the cell membrane which regulates the entry and exit of substances into the plane cells.
6. Plant cells contain a nucleus and nucleolus, which produce ribosome and protein-producing structures.
7. Different types of plastids are found in the plant cell, which include chloroplast, leucoplast, and chromoplast. It also contains a central vacuole, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and the lysosome. Lysosomes are called suicidal bags as they contain digestive enzymes in an enclosed membrane.

Animal Cell:

1. The animal cell is the eukaryotic cell that lacks a cell wall and has a true membrane-bound nucleus and several organelles.
2. The animal cell has various shapes changing from oval to irregular.
3. The animal cell contains various organelle, which includes: the cell membrane which regulates the flow of substances into the cell.
4. The nucleus of the animal cell contains nucleolus, nucleosomes, and chromatins. The animal cell also contains centrosomes and lysosomes.
5. The jelly-like structure, which contains all these organelles, is called the cytoplasm, which is found in the animal cell. The fluid found in the nucleus is called the nucleosome.
6. The manufacturing and transporting of the cells take place in the sac-like structure of an animal cell called the Golgi apparatus.
7. In the animal cell, the energy is released by the spherical or rod-shaped organelle called mitochondria. It is also called the powerhouse of the cell.