Question

Sodium ion is formed:

• A. by the donation of one electron from its outermost shell.
• B. by the acceptance of one electron in its outermost shell.
• C. by the acceptance of one proton in its nucleus.
• D. by the donation of one proton from its nucleus.

Answer 1

The correct option is A

by the donation of one electron from its outermost shell.

The explanation of the correct option:

Option (A). by the donation of one electron from its outermost shell:

• Sodium $\left(\mathrm{Na}\right)$ has an electronic configuration $2,8,1.$
• By donating one electron from its outermost shell, it will achieve a stable noble electronic configuration.
• It will possess a positive charge and form Sodium ion $\left({\mathrm{Na}}^{+}\right)$ that has an electronic configuration of $2,8$.

The explanation for incorrect options:

Option (B). by the acceptance of one electron in its outermost shell:

• Sodium has one extra electron in its outermost shell. By accepting one electron, it will not get any stable configuration and will not form a sodium ion.

Option (C). by the acceptance of one proton in its nucleus:

• Sodium ions will not form by accepting one proton in its nucleus.

Option (D). by the donation of one proton from its nucleus:

• Sodium-ion will not form by donating one proton from its nucleus.

Hence, option (A) is correct. i.e, sodium ion is formed by the donation of one electron from its outermost shell.