Question

'Some new nations adopted the policy of not to align with any of the two power blocs and military blocs’.

a)Which were these nations?
b)What was the ‘policy’?

Answer 1

Instructions:
Nations which followed the policy

• Write the name of the nations which followed the policy.
• What was the reason behind following the policy?

Objectives and impact of the policy

• Elaborate on the policy
  • Principles
  • Impact

Solution:
During the Cold War, a few newly independent countries decided to distance themselves from the ideology promoted by the superpowers. The policy was backed by India’s Jawaharlal Nehru, Indonesia’s Sukarno, Egypt’s Abdel Nasser, Ghana’s Nkrumah, and Yugoslavia’s Tito. These countries desired overall growth while preserving their own identities. The Non-Aligned Policy was applied to these countries, which were designated as Non-Aligned Nations.

In 1961, the first policy council met in Belgrade, with representatives from six African nations and 23 Asian nations. This movement became known as the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). ​

Nehru's leadership was crucial in developing the NAM's policies. It opposed political interference, international hostility, and aggressive unilateral actions. It concentrated on the challenges in the member states' socio-economic situation.

The NAM identified the growing threat to international peace and security as being caused by economic underdevelopment, poverty, and social injustice.

The NAM played a key role in elevating its moral significance for maintaining international peace. It helped maintain human society, put an end to wars, and advance nationalism.