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Some substanc...

Question

Some substances when dissolved in water cause hardness of water.
a. Which of the following substances cause hardness of water?
Sodium chloride, Calcium bicarbonate, Calcium carbonate, Calcium sulfate, Magnesium sulfate, Calcium chloride, Magnesium carbonate
b. The hardness due to which of the above salts cannot be removed by boiling?

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Solution

a. Calcium bicarbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride are the reasons for the hardness of water.

b. The hardness of water containing the chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium is not removed by boiling.

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Sulphates and chlorides of magnesium and calcium cause temporary hardness of water.

Q. Calcium bicarbonate causes hardness in water but not calcium carbonate. Why?

Q. Assertion (A): Hardness of water is removed by treatment with sodium carbonate.
Reason (R): Sodium carbonate reacts with soluble magnesium and calcium chloride to form water soluble compounds.

Q. Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of chlorides and salts of calcium and magnesium. It can be removed by using .

Q. Hard water required for an experiment is not available in a school laboratory. However, the following salts are available in the laboratory. Select the salts which may be dissolved in water to make it hard for the experiment :

(1) calcium sulphate
(2) sodium sulphate
(3) calcium chloride
(4) potassium sulphate
(5) sodium hydrogen carbonate
(6) magnesium chloride

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