Some sugar solution is taken in a test-tube and a little of substance X in powder form is added to it. The mouth of the test-tube is closed with a cork and allowed to stand for sometime. On opening the cork, a characteristic smell of substance Y is obtained and a gas Z is also observed to be formed. The gas Z extinguishes a burning matchstick.

(a) What could be (i) X, (ii) Y, and (iii) Z?

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Solution

Answer:

(i) X could be yeast in powder form because the availability of glucose (sugar solution) and unavailability of oxygen (test tube is closed with the cork) are ideal conditions for yeast to start performing fermentation.

(ii) Y could be ethanol because during anaerobic respiration (fermentation) the yeast partially oxidised glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide.

(iii) Z could be the gas carbon dioxide because carbon dioxide can extinguish a burning matchstick.

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