Question

Speciation is the formation of one or more new species from an existing species. A new species or organism is formed when

• A. A series of mutation occur so that an organism becomes different from the others in population, but it still shows successful interbreeding.
• B. Climate changes drastically leading to structural changes in the given population.
• C. A group of organisms isolated from the rest of the species by geographical barrier.
• D. None of the above.

Answer 1

The correct option is C A group of organisms isolated from the rest of the species by geographical barrier.

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. The biologist Orator F. Cook was the first to coin the term 'speciation' for the splitting of lineages or "cladogenesis," as opposed to "anagenesis" or "phyletic evolution" occurring within lineages. Whether genetic drift is a minor or major contributor to speciation is the subject matter of much ongoing discussion.
There are four geographic modes of speciation in nature, based on the extent to which speciating populations are isolated from one another: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric and sympatric. Speciation may also be induced artificially, through animal husbandry, agriculture or laboratory experiments.