Question

Spherosomes are involved in

• A. Synthesis and storage of vitamins
• B. Synthesis and storage of proteins
• C. Synthesis and storage of carbohydrates
• D. Synthesis and storage of fat

Answer 1

The correct option is D

Synthesis and storage of fat

The correct option is D.

Explanation for correct option:

1. When seeds are developing, vesicles called spherosomes, also known as lipid bodies or oleosomes, store triacylglycerol in the form of oil.
2. They are encircled by an ER-derived phospholipid monolayer.
3. It is the organelle of the cell that produces cutin and wax.
4. Spherosomes include fatty acid production that takes place mainly in the cytoplasm.
5. Fatty acid synthase is an enzyme involved in the production of fatty acids.
6. Adipose tissue and the liver are mammals' primary sites for fatty acid production.
7. Because fat is an energy storage molecule, fat production is critical.

Explanation for incorrect options:

Option A:

1. In humans, most of the vitamins are absorbed from the food ingested.
2. The vitamins D and B₃, are synthesized in the body by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Option B:

1. The knowledge required to synthesize proteins is contained in genes, which are housed in the cell's nucleus.
2. The nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and Golgi apparatus are the organelles involved in the production of proteins.

Option C:

1. The production of membrane carbohydrates begins in the endoplasmic reticulum.
2. The Golgi complex is the organelle where carbohydrate molecules are changed and expanded by the addition of several additional monomers to create complex carbohydrate molecules.

Final Answer: Spherosomes include enzyme proteins that aid in the synthesis and storage of fat.