Question

State and explain Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions.
Given the application of Kohlrauschs law of independent migration of ions.

Answer 1

Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions:
At infinite dilution, each ion migrates independently of its co-ion and makes its own contribution to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte irrespective of the nature of other ion with which it is associated.
Thus, ${\Lambda }_0={\lambda }_{+}^0+{\lambda }_{-}^0$
Here,
${\Lambda }_0=$ the molar conductivity of the electrolyte at zero concentration
${\lambda }_{+}^0=$ the molar conductivity of cation at zero concentration
${\lambda }_{-}^0=$ the molar conductivity of anion at zero concentration
For example, ${\Lambda }_0\left(HCl\right)={\lambda }_0\left(H^{+}\right)+{\lambda }_0\left(C{l}^{-}\right)$
Here,
${\Lambda }_0\left(HCl\right)=$ the molar conductivity of HCl at zero concentration
${\lambda }_0\left(H^{+}\right)=$ the molar conductivity of protons at zero concentration
${\lambda }_0\left(C{l}^{-}\right)=$ the molar conductivity of chloride ions at zero concentration