Question

State Distribution Law and give its three applications.

Answer 1

Distribution law:

• According to the distribution law, a solute is divided between two layers of immiscible solvents so that the ratio of its concentration in each solvent equals the ratio of its solubility.

$\frac{{\mathrm{c}}_1}{{\mathrm{c}}_2}=\mathrm{k}$

• The constant k is the distribution coefficient, while ${\mathrm{c}}_1$ and ${\mathrm{c}}_2$ are the molar equilibrium concentrations.

Example of Distribution law:

• Finding the equilibrium constant for the equilibrium is an example of how the distribution law may be used.
• Solubility Determination: The value of K is equal to the ratio of solute solubility in the two solvents.

$\mathrm{k}=\frac{{\mathrm{c}}_1}{{\mathrm{c}}_2}=\frac{{\mathrm{s}}_1}{{\mathrm{s}}_2}$

• If we know the value of $\mathrm{k}$ and the solute's solubility in one solvent, we may compute the solute's solubility in other solvents.

Applications of Distribution law:

• A solute's solubility can be determined.
• A single substance can be extracted from a mixture of components with the help of this law.
• It's employed in high-performance liquid chromatography.