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Question

State following four properties each of α,βandγ radiations: (a) nature, (b) charge, (c) mass and (d) effect of electric field.

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Solution

α
positive charge particles; attracted towards negatively charged plate in electric field; Alpha particles are helium nuclei; mass 4 amu.
β
Beta particles are negatively charged attracted towards positively charged plate in electric field; Beta particles are fast moving electrons with a very low mass and so have a high charge to mass ratio; mass about 12000 of proton.
γ
Gamma rays are unaffected by an electric field; they are uncharged gamma particles are photon; practically massless.

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