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Question
State Kirchhoff's rules. Explain briefly how these rules are justified.
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Solution
Kirchhoff's first rule ( Kirchhoff's Current Law or KCL or Junction Rule) :
It state that, the sum of the currents flowing towards a junction is equal to the sum of currents leaving the junction.
This is in accordance with the conservation of charge which is the basis of Kirchhoff's current rule.
For eg. :I1+I2+I3−I4−I5=0
"In any electric network, the algebraic sum of currents meeting at a junction is always zero".
∑ I =o
Kirchhoff's second rule ( Kirchhoff's Voltage Law or KVL Loop rule ) :
It state that the algebraic sum of all potential drops and emfs along any closed path in a network is zero.
OR
The algebraic sum of the emfs in a loop of a circuit is equal to the algebraic sum of the product of current and resistances in it.
Mathematically, the loop rule may be expressed as :
∑ E = ∑IR
Kirchhoff's second law express the conservation of energy.
It state that, the sum of the currents flowing towards a junction is equal to the sum of currents leaving the junction.
This is in accordance with the conservation of charge which is the basis of Kirchhoff's current rule.
For eg. :I1+I2+I3−I4−I5=0
"In any electric network, the algebraic sum of currents meeting at a junction is always zero".
∑ I =o
Kirchhoff's second rule ( Kirchhoff's Voltage Law or KVL Loop rule ) :
It state that the algebraic sum of all potential drops and emfs along any closed path in a network is zero.
OR
The algebraic sum of the emfs in a loop of a circuit is equal to the algebraic sum of the product of current and resistances in it.
Mathematically, the loop rule may be expressed as :
∑ E = ∑IR
Kirchhoff's second law express the conservation of energy.
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