Question

State newton's universal law of gravitation. Hence, define the universal gravitational constant. Give the value of $G$.

Answer 1

Step 1

NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION: According to this law, each particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force F which is given by.

1. $$\begin{gathered} F\propto m_1 \\ F\propto m_2 \end{gathered}$$
2. $F\propto 1/r^2$

Where,

$m_{1}and{m}_2$ are masses of the body

$r$ is the distance between both the bodies

$F=G{m}_1{m}_2/r^2$

Step 2
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT: The universal gravitational constant is the gravitational force acting between two bodies of unit mass, kept at a unit distance from each other.

Step 3

$G=6.67\times {10}^{-11}Nk{g}^{-2}{m}^2$