State the differences between active transport and passive transport.
State the differences between active transport and passive transport.
Active transport:
Active transport is defined as the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient from a lower concentration region to a higher concentration region aided by the energy and protein carriers.
Passive transport:
Passive transport is the non-energy-dependent movement of molecules and ions across the cell membrane along the concentration gradient.
Active transport
Passive transport
1. It transports the molecules against the concentration gradient.
1. It transports the molecules along the concentration gradient.
2. Cellular energy in the form of ATP is required for active transport.
2. It is an energy-independent transport process.
3. It disrupts the equilibrium maintained by diffusion between the cytoplasm and the extracellular environment.
3. It helps in maintaining the equilibrium helps between the cytoplasm and the extracellular environment.
4. It is a rapid process.
4. It is a slow process.
5. It helps in the transportation of large, insoluble, and complex molecules against the concentration gradient.
5. It helps in the transportation of small, soluble molecules across the membrane.
6. Active transport requires protein carriers. 6. Passive transport does not require any proteins. 7. Example- transportation of complex sugars, ions, and large proteins. 7. Examples- transportation of gases, water molecules, etc.
Active transport:
Active transport is defined as the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient from a lower concentration region to a higher concentration region aided by the energy and protein carriers.
Passive transport:
Passive transport is the non-energy-dependent movement of molecules and ions across the cell membrane along the concentration gradient.
Active transport | Passive transport |
1. It transports the molecules against the concentration gradient. | 1. It transports the molecules along the concentration gradient. |
2. Cellular energy in the form of ATP is required for active transport. | 2. It is an energy-independent transport process. |
3. It disrupts the equilibrium maintained by diffusion between the cytoplasm and the extracellular environment. | 3. It helps in maintaining the equilibrium helps between the cytoplasm and the extracellular environment. |
4. It is a rapid process. | 4. It is a slow process. |
5. It helps in the transportation of large, insoluble, and complex molecules against the concentration gradient. | 5. It helps in the transportation of small, soluble molecules across the membrane. |
| 6. Active transport requires protein carriers. | 6. Passive transport does not require any proteins. |
| 7. Example- transportation of complex sugars, ions, and large proteins. | 7. Examples- transportation of gases, water molecules, etc. |
